Which of the following treatments is NOT part of nonsurgical periodontal management?

Nonsurgical periodontal management focuses on treating periodontal disease without the need for surgical interventions. Among the listed treatments, surgical interventions are distinctly categorized as surgical management, which includes procedures like flap surgery or osseous surgery aimed at addressing periodontal issues that cannot be managed effectively through nonsurgical means.

On the other hand, oral hygiene education plays a crucial role in empowering patients to maintain their oral health and prevent the progression of periodontal disease. Scaling and root planing is a fundamental nonsurgical procedure that removes plaque, calculus, and bacteria from above and below the gum line, allowing the gums to heal and reattach to the tooth surface. Antimicrobial treatments, which may include the use of systemic or local antibiotics, serve to manage bacterial infection and inflammation associated with periodontal disease.

In summary, surgical interventions stand apart from the other options by representing a surgical approach to periodontal treatment, while the other choices focus on preventive, therapeutic, and non-invasive methods.