Which of the following indicates that a patient may have compromised periodontal health?

The presence of persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth is a significant indicator of compromised periodontal health. This condition, often referred to as halitosis, can arise from several factors related to gum disease, such as the presence of plaque and tartar buildup, bacterial infection, or periodontal pockets. When the gums are inflamed or infected, they can produce foul-smelling substances that contribute to bad breath. This symptom often signals that periodontal tissues may be damaged or that there is an underlying infection that needs to be addressed in order to maintain or improve periodontal health.

In contrast, while white spots on teeth may indicate enamel demineralization or other dental issues, they are not direct indicators of periodontal disease. Occasional gum bleeding during brushing can occur due to several benign reasons, such as vigorous brushing or irritation, and does not necessarily indicate advanced periodontal issues. Increased salivary flow can be a normal physiological response and does not directly relate to periodontal health status. Thus, persistent bad breath or an unpleasant taste serves as a more definitive sign of possible problems with periodontal health that require attention.