Which of the following components is NOT part of the periodontium?

The periodontium refers to the specialized tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth, which include several essential components. Cementum, gingiva, and periodontal ligament are all integral parts of the periodontium.

Cementum is a calcified tissue covering the roots of teeth and is involved in the attachment of the periodontal ligament. The gingiva, or gum tissue, surrounds the teeth and provides a protective layer, playing a crucial role in oral health. The periodontal ligament is a connective tissue that secures the tooth to the alveolar bone, facilitating the support and stability of teeth within their sockets.

In contrast, enamel is not considered a part of the periodontium. It is the hard, outermost layer of a tooth that protects the underlying dentin and pulp, but it does not participate in the supportive or connective structure of the periodontium. Thus, identifying enamel as separate from the components of the periodontium is essential in understanding the anatomy and function of oral structures.