What type of tissue forms the attachment of the tooth root to the alveolar bone?

The attachment of the tooth root to the alveolar bone is formed by fibrous connective tissue, specifically a structure known as the periodontal ligament. This tissue is crucial for tooth support, as it serves multiple functions including providing a connection between the tooth and the surrounding bone, absorbing forces from chewing, and facilitating the movement of teeth during orthodontic treatment.

Fibrous connective tissue is characterized by a dense arrangement of collagen fibers, which contribute to its strength and resilience. This tissue helps anchor the tooth in place while still allowing for slight mobility, which is essential for the function of teeth during mastication. In contrast, epithelial tissue does not have the capability to form such attachments as it is primarily involved in protective functions and covering surfaces. Cartilage, while connective tissue, is not found at the tooth-bone interface and serves different purposes in the body. Adipose tissue is primarily involved in fat storage and does not play a role in the structural attachment of teeth.