What is the purpose of a connective tissue graft in periodontal treatment?

A connective tissue graft is a specialized surgical procedure used in periodontal treatment primarily to cover exposed root surfaces and improve the aesthetic outcome. This technique involves taking a small amount of connective tissue from the palate (the roof of the mouth) and placing it over the area where the gum tissue has receded or where root surfaces are exposed.

Covering these exposed roots not only enhances the aesthetic appearance of the smile but also provides several functional benefits, such as increased protection for the roots against temperature sensitivity and decay. Additionally, by promoting the maturation of the graft and integrating it with surrounding tissues, the graft helps improve the overall health and stability of the periodontal tissues.

The other options involve different treatment goals. While enhancing bone regeneration pertains to bone grafts, facilitating orthodontic tooth movement relates to orthodontic mechanics, and treating gingival hyperplasia focuses on excess gum tissue. Each of those procedures has its own specific techniques and objectives, distinguishing them from the purpose of a connective tissue graft.