What is the name of the epithelium that connects the gingiva to the tooth surface at the sulcus base?

The name of the epithelium that connects the gingiva to the tooth surface at the sulcus base is the junctional epithelium. This specialized type of epithelium plays a critical role in periodontal health as it provides an attachment point that helps maintain the integrity of the connection between the gingiva and the tooth. The junctional epithelium is unique as it is a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that allows for the permeability necessary for the exchange of substances. This property is essential for the innate immune response to dental biofilm and contributes to the overall defense mechanisms in the periodontium.

Other types of epithelium mentioned, such as oral epithelium and keratinized epithelium, serve different purposes in the oral cavity and do not have the specific role of attaching the gingiva to the tooth at the sulcus base. Buccal epithelium refers to the lining of the inner cheeks and is not involved in the attachment to the tooth. Therefore, the junctional epithelium is specifically designed for the attachment and sealing at the gingival margin, making it the correct answer in this context.