What anatomical structure is visible in the tooth socket after a third molar extraction?

After the extraction of a third molar, the anatomical structure visible in the tooth socket is the alveolar bone proper. The alveolar bone proper, also known as the bundle bone, is the part of the alveolar bone that forms the tooth socket and supports the roots of the teeth. During an extraction, when the tooth is removed, this bone becomes directly exposed in the socket.

The periodontal ligament, while important in anchoring the tooth to the alveolar bone, is not visible in the socket after extraction because it is destroyed during the extraction process. Gingival tissue, although it may be present around the edges of the socket, does not constitute a major anatomical structure visible within the socket itself post-extraction. The dental pulp, which is located within the tooth, is also not visible in the socket as it is contained within the tooth structure. Therefore, the alveolar bone proper is the most relevant structure observed in the socket following the extraction of the third molar.